We assess drilling control systems, rig automation, and production management platforms across North Sea operations. SCADA and DCS assessments cover production optimisation and process control. Safety Instrumented Systems and Emergency Shutdown Systems require specific attention because a compromise directly threatens human life. Marine systems including dynamic positioning, ballast control, and navigation carry distinct risk profiles for FPSOs and floating assets. Satellite communications (VSAT), microwave links, and radio networks connecting offshore platforms require assessment for interception and manipulation risk. Reservoir modelling, geospatial data, and GIS platforms hold commercially sensitive exploration data. Remote access and VPN infrastructure for offshore personnel and unmanned installations must be validated against current attack techniques.

Pipeline SCADA systems, leak detection, and flow control represent the operational core of midstream operations. Metering, custody transfer, and fiscal measurement systems require integrity assurance because data manipulation directly affects commercial settlements. Remote Terminal Units and PLCs across distributed pipeline networks are often geographically dispersed and difficult to physically secure. Gas storage and LNG regasification facility control systems carry specific safety considerations. Terminal operations including loading, unloading, and tank farm management rely on automation that must be assessed. Pipeline control room and remote monitoring security ensures operational visibility is maintained during an incident.

Refinery DCS and process control systems manage complex chemical processes where disruption creates safety and environmental risk. Petrochemical and chemical processing plant assessments cover reactor control, distillation, and catalytic systems. Gas chromatographs, process analysers, and quality monitoring instruments feed data into historian servers and operational repositories. Emergency shutdown and fire and gas detection systems are safety-critical and must be assessed without disruption. Gas distribution network operations supply domestic and commercial consumers across the UK. Environmental monitoring and emissions reporting system integrity is essential for regulatory compliance.

North Sea decommissioning creates specific cyber risks during system handover, data migration, and legacy equipment disposal. Well abandonment monitoring and verification systems require security assessment during the transition period. Energy transition programmes introducing hydrogen production, carbon capture and storage, and renewables integration bring new OT and IT stacks with emerging risk profiles. Digital twin and simulation environments used in decommissioning planning carry data integrity requirements. Legacy system retirement demands secure data destruction alongside operational wind-down.

Cloud platforms for operational data analytics, production optimisation, and predictive maintenance are increasingly adopted. Digital twin environments and simulation platforms require data integrity and access control assessment. Remote access and VPN infrastructure connecting offshore platforms, field stations, and control rooms must be rigorously tested. Enterprise Resource Planning systems (SAP, Oracle) and energy trading platforms carry commercial and market data integrity risks. Environmental, social, and governance reporting system security supports regulatory and investor obligations. Data residency considerations apply to exploration and reservoir data held in cloud environments.

Oil field services providers covering drilling, well services, and subsea engineering represent supply chain entry vectors into operational environments. Equipment vendor and OEM firmware and software update channels must be assessed for integrity. Contractor and temporary worker access management across offshore and onshore sites requires specific controls given high workforce turnover. USB and removable media controls for air-gapped and semi-air-gapped OT environments address one of the primary malware delivery vectors in industrial settings. Third-party remote access for vendor maintenance of control systems must be monitored and validated. Concentration risk exists where multiple operators depend on the same service providers.